{"chapterKey":"portugal/lisbon-bel-m","title":"Lisbon-Belém","regionSlug":"portugal","status":"published","photos":[{"sha":"88934f9a2e600f74a0c41b5fdaee22c1fddee272717abdaeeede4589f387a2d1","caption":"Now on the shore of the Tagus, the Torre de Belém was built mid-river to deter pirates. It hasn't moved; the river has, thanks to reclamation works.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/327b986bc008f23334802e2913578abd","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/76b9ed309e49cf1a2e8619f467fafa2f","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6613b0823c175ef3503a472c4e206456","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9000ccb8981b64cfab851908006c44c5","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/88934f9a2e600f74a0c41b5fdaee22c1","altText":"Now on the shore of the Tagus, the Torre de Belém was built mid-river to deter pirates. It hasn't moved; the river has, thanks to reclamatio"},{"sha":"61f7842353c39dd830ae448d8abc0d297caaffa2dc3346360f727a3132adb925","caption":"Functional as it was, the tower was also a work of art built by a nation whose self-respect required that even a fortress should be magnificent.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/daa3aa34e991a6fbab66656cc55d8089","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/95c72a4c8fc1785f6d125a6e705698cb","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/23e20f859900800b300382dbc5593e8a","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/196442e2c2b67a73b4ef34ab113a8a86","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/61f7842353c39dd830ae448d8abc0d29","altText":"Functional as it was, the tower was also a work of art built by a nation whose self-respect required that even a fortress should be magnific"},{"sha":"2e8bb2987681e5c683a526a7c76705486be678adee8122f366325683e99b13de","caption":"Upstream a bit, a modern monument assembles the country's greatest voyagers.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/4ddae7dfa2473b1dbfef1bf61007917c","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6c36355b2947213904ab071274965fbf","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f705e6051b35be083cc74595a87769be","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2e8bb2987681e5c683a526a7c7670548","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2e8bb2987681e5c683a526a7c7670548","altText":"Upstream a bit, a modern monument assembles the country's greatest voyagers."},{"sha":"88520875b121803b9bb27837a1d33d53b9ab57fdd7cf92c9171d6d94d25b1051","caption":"Camões, the national poet, wrote of this crew, \"Your greater navigators will unfold/ New worlds to the amazement of the Old.\" (*The Lusiads*, Canto II, Stanza 45, in the Landeg White translation.)","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/97ad2105bcf086617c54f58e4cbe6c32","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/c13907fdbe200ae9f26eccdc521cbb74","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/0c5aa3a330d0896b1084b9037c30171e","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a1dc7961ba2d33ab56e224b062ba1d70","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/88520875b121803b9bb27837a1d33d53","altText":"Camões, the national poet, wrote of this crew, \"Your greater navigators will unfold/ New worlds to the amazement of the Old.\" The Lusiads, C"},{"sha":"98f329a728fad02c947f5513119bb9fa27eafeeba61cdaa195549f33e12cfe62","caption":"Set back from the river here, there was an old chapel called the Chapel of Our Lady, Star of the Sea. It had been expanded at the order of Prince Henry and put under the control of the Order of Christ. Then it had fallen into disuse. Still, at the outset of his voyage to India Vasco da Gama had spent the night here. When da Gama returned, a new church was ordered by Manuel I.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/c1967af8dff98c208fb7bab3e197abb0","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ec199611abe75b85cc829f356943425f","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/b30f7f3d0d70f5ed016684f42a833894","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/42822bca5b8ae63d55c28f4caeda5b45","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/98f329a728fad02c947f5513119bb9fa","altText":"Set back from the river here, there was an old chapel called the Chapel of Our Lady, Star of the Sea. It had been expanded at the order of P"},{"sha":"8def93c72f317159426ca1ccb0266b4c2b5ecc570de3b4df2298092a3c7618ea","caption":"It was paid for by \"pepper money,\" a tax on spices and jewels entering the country. Formally the Mosteiro de Santa Maria de Belém, the church was built as a monastery for the Jeronimite Order, based in Spain and charged with maintaining the funerary cult of the dynasty ruling Castile. The same order remained in charge of the new church until Portugal disbanded all its church orders, in 1834.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9dc4f5cd94afc127adf78aa1f7e95fe3","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6cbebc3bdef1d09c059ef286940c66ea","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/7970399f30f6a3ad552863fb1cdf7741","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9115ae4bbbf9a20457368d124f76dc29","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/8def93c72f317159426ca1ccb0266b4c","altText":"It was paid for by \"pepper money,\" a tax on spices and jewels entering the country. Formally the Mosteiro de Santa Maria de Belém, the churc"},{"sha":"0adf81d5d87390a9bf60b234f444ee2c58095bb626265c145125267cdb93ec59","caption":"Another angle.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/646f1a2d741b8f817336fa25f18f0326","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/40697f82e9ae20912a796aaa7f2ce7ff","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/8177f9359e13fb7002794bf8ec4cd2a9","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/0adf81d5d87390a9bf60b234f444ee2c","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/0adf81d5d87390a9bf60b234f444ee2c","altText":"Another angle."},{"sha":"9be0d7a51524cf505f39061b4210a273ad0103d64bc58103f6ff09a1c0c00cc7","caption":"The building has been admired for a long time. Joaquim de Madeco, for example, wrote a travel guide to the city in 1874. In it, he calls this building \"unrivalled by any other building in Lisbon\" (p. 117.)","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f468a12bf9409c93de73d68f07f4d8f1","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f4ff915ba6a62de3f291413ad4f29fab","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/0188463e8a3eda75a40911c324027b67","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9be0d7a51524cf505f39061b4210a273","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9be0d7a51524cf505f39061b4210a273","altText":"The building has been admired for a long time. Joaquim de Madeco, for example, wrote a travel guide to the city in 1874. In it, he calls thi"},{"sha":"87496597b5999c5611c556ac474a84b78cce1c227b55b5a03cd6990a5c799a87","caption":"The elaborate side entrance, now closed, was added in 1516-7 by João de Castilho. Rarely has a buttress been so ornamented. Atop the arch is a figure of Our Lady of the Three Kings, alternatively called Santa Maria de Belém. The outward-facing figures are the apostles Peter and Paul.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"beside_text","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/730df49595cc09c87e91116e95c1c573","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/18cfefab0e21019c80c5573231ee7ff7","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ee93896e4c1a7c740d5ca8893e93258f","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/87496597b5999c5611c556ac474a84b7","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/87496597b5999c5611c556ac474a84b7","altText":"The elaborate side entrance, now closed, was added in 1516-7 by João de Castilho. Rarely has a buttress been so ornamented. Atop the arch is"},{"sha":"caf9ad8ab599ed137f07753aa7fe58476da2dcff6e89126c54aab450ee3a982a","caption":"The 16th century philosopher Damião de Góis wrote that King Manuel \"ordered that a statue of Prince Henry, who inspired these voyages, be carved in solid stone and placed on the central pier of the door, wearing a coat of mail, unsheathed sword raised high....\" The figure was recarved after a 16th century earthquake destroyed the original. On the left tympanum, St. Jerome removes that famous thorn from a lion's paw; on the right, he appears as a desert hermit.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/29d02ce2fc21f82044112ab76de4f14e","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/fe0aca60790bb5226db8d44bc9ada044","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f32d62f3838a6eee0f236080be31b9f0","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f3be7e1c5035964f9c83e5a5d6725fb4","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/caf9ad8ab599ed137f07753aa7fe5847","altText":"The 16th century philosopher Damião de Góis wrote that King Manuel \"ordered that a statue of Prince Henry, who inspired these voyages, be ca"},{"sha":"13d4b47c73217cd434ad6ecf97072bdbb05f4f3e2b7c49a7892d6742b138fb1f","caption":"Interior of the church.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/c584e8aa4ac36df7df51a5e9d45c879c","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6cfc817ec8bb67a70e85a724903cb76c","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/cd6dae16d9edb9d684bf72c798986071","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/13d4b47c73217cd434ad6ecf97072bdb","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/13d4b47c73217cd434ad6ecf97072bdb","altText":"Interior of the church."},{"sha":"f6be78566c929f7df375674e6b787fe17e1e4a4e4ce0183ece6de0b19cb08124","caption":"Just inside the main entrance, Vasco's tomb. It's a late production, by Costa Mota Tio in 1894. Vasco's presumed remains were reinterred here.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9f05c6720ce67a91cb0acafb017d050e","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/422a1bdc0b575c9e734e1ffec1aa4686","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/71deeacc4fccb497bd8f66d72e9707df","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/107a2db4aa8e35250cc6d842cef9cdb9","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f6be78566c929f7df375674e6b787fe1","altText":"Just inside the main entrance, Vasco's tomb. It's a late production, by Costa Mota Tio in 1894. Vasco's presumed remains were reinterred her"},{"sha":"b07e32184fc4b07070d1c44464eddc39214d95d6df04df87d73173075c479001","caption":"Facing him, the tomb of Luís de Camões, similarly by Tio, 1894. Suffering in his lifetime, Camões rests in grandeur.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/e06c550f31d64d4d338a3d573796ff99","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9fdba14ca5bd2ee1f290e64a4c87d846","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a7315e3fb9c3b5fbe869f28137c35e21","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/727ac1b35f0d5c59393471e13e2bb38e","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/b07e32184fc4b07070d1c44464eddc39","altText":"Facing him, the tomb of Luís de Camões, similarly by Tio, 1894. Suffering in his lifetime, Camões rests in grandeur."},{"sha":"10a14360be352f4bfd0ba6cb8d1717f56cca674d2e92b70643fbde69d9d9ca71","caption":"The tomb in its entirety.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/501ffae5e9d804839e585e82b25733cc","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ecc880efe1560a9c55273a1ce52059a8","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/24f1ae2779e376e9c95ecf5e3d25ad27","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/51b999c73a7abc929021e2b12ede8bbf","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/10a14360be352f4bfd0ba6cb8d1717f5","altText":"The tomb in its entirety."},{"sha":"959ae44d9e3fd7a7191509c94c1cb8e5610ab13900ace6418e1a69cdaf2a4990","caption":"The most spectacular part of the entire structure must be the adjoining Manueline cloister, designed by Teodósio de Frias in 1625 and executed by Diego Vaz. The cloister, covered with gray and black mottling, was restored in 2000.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/1461c534993f2a3c5be365cfbf8a6a6a","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/dfd9ee9d9cb3f17a99275bc628c5b0c4","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/e817b55ea619a2b9550cdb85e27f4c3e","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/816e826e9ec99e9155a6c806175af69a","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/959ae44d9e3fd7a7191509c94c1cb8e5","altText":"The most spectacular part of the entire structure must be the adjoining Manueline cloister, designed by Teodósio de Frias in 1625 and execut"},{"sha":"a7da4e73c10654a5a86417ad6e8860f6358a44f6d071c8f173f60040e8a06942","caption":"A Latin inscription reads, in translation: \"King Manuel, the greatest of monarchs, built on the seashore a vast and magnificent church dedicated to the mother of God. The heir to his kingdom and his piety continued his work. Equal in their faith, in this building each seeks to surpass the other.\"","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"beside_text","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/909224c819d33859e7097322e29954ce","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2ea792859fa3ab8fc76a1ea82a22335c","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/706ac195ed5e509a76b9d946481bb57c","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a7da4e73c10654a5a86417ad6e8860f6","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a7da4e73c10654a5a86417ad6e8860f6","altText":"A Latin inscription reads, in translation: \"King Manuel, the greatest of monarchs, built on the seashore a vast and magnificent church dedic"},{"sha":"87f142cf463e39481bcfca2241a9a5bedd0a1a45b2ae52335887237c24c92f13","caption":"A recent student writes, \"When it was built, the cloister was absolutely unique. Nothing like it had ever been seen before. It is built on a square ground plan, its corners cut away from what is virtually an octagon. The idea of building two storeys completely in stone was a major innovation and the lavish decoration on the upper storey marked a totally new aesthetic departure, showing the importance that was attached to the cloister\" (Pereira, p. 96).","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"beside_text","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/04a37c9884339a175ca81fbc1c272d0e","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/8886bcc7882bc085a2aad8d1d72df781","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/792b07ba9ad8f9348c78521ae3d873f8","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/87f142cf463e39481bcfca2241a9a5be","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/87f142cf463e39481bcfca2241a9a5be","altText":"A recent student writes, \"When it was built, the cloister was absolutely unique. Nothing like it had ever been seen before. It is built on a"},{"sha":"bd2c25d1cf5220335fd49b38e4665581a6c1ccf6c22118a39fafc4717b3723a4","caption":"Another angle.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2f30a4edcaa5940e85beb43f34a1f5f3","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/e30a2db6336226267c24824d046b2551","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/72b9d0e187f88437d027fbcc789f82c3","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/bd2c25d1cf5220335fd49b38e4665581","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/bd2c25d1cf5220335fd49b38e4665581","altText":"Another angle."},{"sha":"4661ee51d6943ddb5af8e29bfe3047a7c7fb19a05c03b0f1d3c30862ec3ee944","caption":"Another angle.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f83e39442795343b6766a1c5c9f15517","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/4f6ae1a5f0a46f43ec4bd685875a426e","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/649bcfcd01bb5cd2201bfef0c15a231a","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/4661ee51d6943ddb5af8e29bfe3047a7","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/4661ee51d6943ddb5af8e29bfe3047a7","altText":"Another angle."},{"sha":"9310748007b6607e3270338123f569fc69728e974057a73bbb0ab57892ef1273","caption":"Covered walkway.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a2961ff5da60e2b8000d4619bbdd2ad5","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f65f3ffc068e402a16dda00089bfdfb2","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/4b4040b59a9b2f424a52acff7b1dd03d","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/c731e9a8deaf37df46ab03988b7dccd4","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/9310748007b6607e3270338123f569fc","altText":"Covered walkway."},{"sha":"95ed590330cfcdd66f57c354f1611659ff7afe9a4929966342cb1e47c76af1aa","caption":"These are not the tools of an industrious carpenter. They are the tools to drive and remove the nails of the crucified Christ.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/c52def2e54a1035ad1ebcf0ce17be610","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/723794f768cbe93c3293e3710b26efe4","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ccb000497b2b4200f8eb8b0bb97e6570","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/95ed590330cfcdd66f57c354f1611659","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/95ed590330cfcdd66f57c354f1611659","altText":"These are not the tools of an industrious carpenter. They are the tools to drive and remove the nails of the crucified Christ."},{"sha":"97fed417c76537f087594261d7370b7930b7d93dc2c8d33a26c46980ba0fc6e9","caption":"Less grisly, the armillary sphere was the emblem of Manuel. The diagonal inscription reads, \"Emanvel R.P. et Alg.V.,\" which is to say Manuel, King of Portugal and the Algarves.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/cfd9260f192bc5a5c8894dd956916df0","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6875fc367082b3ffc00600a73ab41083","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/126d6b955d466d8dfc86e99586df3484","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/97fed417c76537f087594261d7370b79","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/97fed417c76537f087594261d7370b79","altText":"Less grisly, the armillary sphere was the emblem of Manuel. 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Baffling, isn't it: what use should maps be in a monastery?","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6165ffffaba2e0d41099de23ce990786","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/adaea60970eded25bb892b339835bf3e","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/8d4e59c9f75738b3e285cffa26c8233a","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/de0856f4f14bc92c276d27011ee5eba1","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/94f9079ccf3f57ddc77fef2aa80fd57e","altText":"There's another monastery up this way, the Mosteiro São Vicente de Fora. Here's the extravagant map room. Baffling, isn't it: what use shoul"},{"sha":"da830afcba728ad1d4f7ed1d141eaef8c4a84c4d499575b39d8b690b556cd84c","caption":"No matter, you have to admire the cabinetry.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/f83e5b44298df353f95b5acd5a567aa0","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/b5c667d33f40534891831bfc94644c8f","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/3d7c944986f8adaa007098da60ed2240","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/1f042a1a31e22ca971fa293203d06410","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/da830afcba728ad1d4f7ed1d141eaef8","altText":"No matter, you have to admire the cabinetry."},{"sha":"d45c50eeb36e536da9d93b1169a26648a1eace8592d3dec336c77b38ee94f15e","caption":"The cloister is handsome but no match for the one in Belém.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/c75e28637fe05f092f28c66e0ff1f765","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/570f9c6141dda7190581a852b6dc2f3a","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/5e6c8451febb1badb33b69b72f355850","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/d45c50eeb36e536da9d93b1169a26648","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/d45c50eeb36e536da9d93b1169a26648","altText":"The cloister is handsome but no match for the one in Belém."},{"sha":"a75127cf7bc65d8581f20395b0dce95e43275f79d275a7cb569f320ac9f4d8f9","caption":"São Vicente de Fora is Lisbon's patron saint; the monastery is Augustinian and specializes in tiles, *azulejos*.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/0a108a84fca3320bc3f9e0aa30025ebc","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a31e8d141c295aedb5326b7efae8ef9d","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/e18e8346a8b76a0403151836d1f66859","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ca06b7408fedd7f416a7afe8886b9a1c","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a75127cf7bc65d8581f20395b0dce95e","altText":"São Vicente de Fora is Lisbon's patron saint; the monastery is Augustinian and specializes in tiles, azulejos."},{"sha":"4f14c161d9063aaceda39b041a4c1e50d06ec327191b27ebfa2c92bd592e9e98","caption":"It's not easy to disentangle the geographies here. Some are clearly biblical; others may be imaginary.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6a7938269d75451a7217fd354eaff89a","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/5f70c49b833d141f75e5b503722430bf","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/e620985ee8acae375cd06953b16f47f5","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/fdd77718e5bb88268dd68583d2dd37d4","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/4f14c161d9063aaceda39b041a4c1e50","altText":"It's not easy to disentangle the geographies here. Some are clearly biblical; others may be imaginary."},{"sha":"d4cbd6c543b958d76d8f0a7f8263a3add4b29a3c214d6770da3463c7844b31d6","caption":"Another.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6688ef25597a75ff26b42d87ac5f9eb8","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a04a187f2f41d0a39c6412b328a51b6e","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/61bfffc2793fa5da893a02a649ef5408","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/d685f436a004cc14099347eb37b52e26","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/d4cbd6c543b958d76d8f0a7f8263a3ad","altText":"Another."},{"sha":"ca85616c8a54845821ce3b1ce24d01b662482a4840c8b172ee6598506bf6bf61","caption":"From here you can gaze down on that Pantheon dome.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6312c17cd292dc7f179928443385bd3a","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/70772789aa1529cf5c0bdb4ac97160e7","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ca6ca1bfda0a95856c69f947c8b6790b","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/088eb5b7fa970e77c3b6dabd142039db","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ca85616c8a54845821ce3b1ce24d01b6","altText":"From here you can gaze down on that Pantheon dome."},{"sha":"ee1f7011deca563a43452791446c374839fc0526272ace568689f506755cbd76","caption":"Old? No. It was completed in 1966.","width":1536,"height":2048,"aspect":0.75,"orientation":"portrait","layoutHint":"narrow","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/edc51272372560579c897cca20abd661","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/1259683545426a4057dd46c39e277747","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/a6541a63a1b24f071aa42e5e598d3399","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ee1f7011deca563a43452791446c3748","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/ee1f7011deca563a43452791446c3748","altText":"Old? No. It was completed in 1966."},{"sha":"2ea086f3c5344b9a723881665c72ac5e4305233233b7f0128b535e3e8692b680","caption":"Inside: a set of cenotaphs, which is to say empty tombs. The usual suspects.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/8387ec01405adc3561dec16548b75bf3","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/6c1a9a02b223da7abe3dc1c9fe0e2e48","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/0b5842455ecf3da17362d63d8e8ad6c4","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/b17a24b12d6a80cdff10cee5ed9631b3","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2ea086f3c5344b9a723881665c72ac5e","altText":"Inside: a set of cenotaphs, which is to say empty tombs. The usual suspects."},{"sha":"83f98a49d4ab7596e7b26b9d872e34e52d4414027cf512b50debb0417c8ee209","caption":"A couple of miles away, there's a commoner's cemetery, crowded as everyone vies for recognition in proportion to their means.","width":2048,"height":1536,"aspect":1.3333,"orientation":"landscape","layoutHint":"wide","srcThumb":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/e776882c84aa855e81e2384fa7d2de09","srcSmall":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/5160bc1ea850eb86c4b3aebe75f4b0b2","srcMedium":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/4e9184b783d01f18bea39609ffbae76f","srcLarge":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/81e24ffac373271b6740be536b3feafc","srcOriginal":"https://wtbl.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/83f98a49d4ab7596e7b26b9d872e34e5","altText":"A couple of miles away, there's a commoner's cemetery, crowded as everyone vies for recognition in proportion to their means."}],"createdAt":"2022-02-28T01:40:17.000Z","updatedAt":"2022-02-28T01:40:17.000Z","lead":"The focus here is on Lisbon at its apogee of power. An even more particular focus is on adjacent Belém—Portuguese for Bethlehem. This, in the words of João de Barros, was \"the door through which all the triumphs of the conquest of the Orient might enter.\" See Paulo Pereira, *Jerónimos Abbey of Santa Maria*, 2002, p. 16.","visitedDate":"2010","publishedDate":"2010-05-02T04:00:00.000Z","originalUrl":"https://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?countryid=2135&chapterid=1449&picturesize=medium","heroSha":"88934f9a2e600f74a0c41b5fdaee22c1fddee272717abdaeeede4589f387a2d1","authorLabel":"Bryan Wallach","_meta":{"sameAs":[]}}